Original Research
2022 March
Volume : 10 Issue : 1


Factors affecting mortality in COVID-19 patients

Chikkahonnaiah P, Abdulla KK, Varshini J

Pdf Page Numbers :- 11-15

Prashanth Chikkahonnaiah1,*, Abdulla KK1, and Varshini J1

 

1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru-570001, Karnataka, India

 

*Corresponding author: Dr Prashanth Chikkahonnaiah, Head of the Department, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru-570001, Karnataka, India. Email: prshnthcr@gmail.com

 

Received 9 November 2021; Revised 13 December 2021; Accepted 17 December 2021; Published 27 December 2021

 

Citation: Chikkahonnaiah P, Abdulla KK, Varshini J. Factors affecting mortality in COVID-19 patients. J Med Sci Res. 2022; 10(1):11-15. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.17727/JMSR.2022/10-3

 

Copyright: © 2022 Chikkahonnaiah P et al. Published by KIMS Foundation and Research Center. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused large number of deaths all over the world. Our study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during second wave of pandemic in India.

Material and methods: The data was collected retrospectively from the medical records of P. K. Trauma Care Centre, Mysuru where exclusively COVID-19 patients were admitted during second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in India. This study included total of 98 patients who expired due to COVID-19 during the period of March 2021 to October 2021. Demographic details, clinical presentation, treatment and laboratory data were extracted from medical records. We analysed the significance of the data using chi square test and other statistical tests.

Results: A total of 948 cases were admitted during the said period and 98 patients expired. With statistical analysis following factors are found to be significantly associated with high mortality - age above 60 years, unvaccinated, low oxygen saturation at presentation to the hospital, high serum ferritin level, elevated neutrophil –lymphocyte ratio (NLR), elevated D-dimer level, presence of co-morbidities. Duration of symptoms with which the patients presents to the hospital is the least significant factor associated with the mortality.

Conclusion: Elderly age group, lack of vaccination, low oxygen saturation at presentation to the hospital, presence of comorbidities like diabetes, hypertension and ischemic heart disease, elevated serum ferritin, D-dimer level and high NL ratio are associated significantly with high mortality in patients with COVID-19 infection. Vaccination, monitoring of oxygen saturation and proper management and control of comorbidities are the easily modifiable factors to reduce the mortality in COVID-19 patients.

 

Keywords: COVID-19; comorbidities; vaccination; mortality; SARS-CoV-2

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